Summary
This is a machine-generated summary.
(1) China and Russia reaffirmed their comprehensive strategic partnership in the new era, emphasizing the importance of maintaining the UN-centered international system, upholding international law, and respecting the core role of the UN in international affairs. They reaffirmed the 2016 joint declaration on promoting international law.
(2) China and Russia believe that the development of international law must consider the reality of a multipolar world under UN leadership. They support the widest possible participation of countries in UN treaties and their uniform interpretation and application. They also recognize the importance of regional and sub-regional mechanisms, organizations, and integration platforms, such as BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, in formulating international rules.
(3) China and Russia reaffirmed their commitment to upholding the principles of the UN Charter, the 1970 Declaration on the Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States in accordance with the UN Charter, and other fundamental principles, including sovereignty, non-interference, and the prohibition of the use or threat of force. They emphasized the importance of peaceful settlement of disputes and the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries.
(4) China and Russia reaffirmed the principle of sovereignty equality, which is crucial for international stability. According to this principle, countries have the right to enjoy independence and equality, and to assume obligations and responsibilities based on mutual respect.
(5) Countries have the right to participate equally in the formulation, interpretation, and application of international law, and have the obligation to perform their international obligations in good faith. International treaties do not create obligations or rights for a country without its consent.
(6) China and Russia reaffirmed that countries should not violate the UN Charter's prohibition on the use or threat of force, and condemned unilateral military interventions not authorized by the UN Security Council or in exercise of the right to individual or collective self-defense.
(7) China and Russia recognized that countries have the right to choose their own development path, political, economic, and social system, and that no country's development model should be considered superior to others.
(8) China and Russia condemned and opposed unilateral sanctions not authorized by the UN Security Council, "long-arm jurisdiction," and measures taken under the pretext of ideology, and emphasized the right of countries to engage in normal economic and trade cooperation.
(9) China and Russia reaffirmed their support for non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries, condemned any intervention aimed at changing the legitimate government of another country, and condemned the practice of applying domestic law to foreign countries.
(10) China and Russia reaffirmed the principle of peaceful settlement of disputes, and believed that countries should use mutually agreed-upon dispute settlement mechanisms and procedures to resolve disputes. All dispute settlement methods should aim to resolve disputes in accordance with applicable international law through peaceful means, reducing tensions and promoting cooperation between the parties.
(11) China and Russia emphasized the importance of upholding the principle of sovereignty equality, and that countries should fulfill their international obligations in good faith. They reaffirmed that countries have the right to participate equally in the formulation, interpretation, and application of international law, and have the obligation to perform their international obligations in good faith.
(12) China and Russia condemned all forms of terrorism, considering it a global threat to the international order based on international law, and called for collective action to address this threat in accordance with international law, including the UN Charter.
(13) China and Russia reaffirmed the principle of immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction, and emphasized that countries should respect and uphold this principle.
(14) China and Russia reaffirmed their commitment to constructive cooperation in the field of criminal justice and law enforcement security, and emphasized that domestic and multilateral judicial mechanisms should not be misused for narrow political purposes to harm international relations and the rights of countries under international law.
(15) China and Russia reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, and to maintaining its integrity and effectiveness in maintaining global stability and international peace and security.
(16) China and Russia reaffirmed their commitment to the principles of the UN Charter and the importance of upholding international law in the field of outer space, and emphasized the need to establish a binding multilateral instrument to prevent the placement of weapons in outer space and the use or threat of force against outer space objects.
(17) China and Russia reaffirmed the importance of the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in maintaining the rule of law in maritime activities, and emphasized the need to ensure the uniform application of the Convention's provisions.
(18) China and Russia reaffirmed their commitment to multilateralism in addressing global challenges, such as climate change, and emphasized the importance of upholding the principles and objectives of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement.
(19) China and Russia emphasized the need to combat plastic pollution, and supported the adoption of a legally binding international instrument on plastic pollution, including marine pollution, based on national-driven approaches, consistent with the UN Charter and international environmental treaties.
(20) China and Russia reaffirmed the importance of international law, particularly the UN Charter, in maintaining peace and stability, promoting open, secure, stable, and interoperable